Adverse stressors on our planet's resources are driving major shifts in the way we manage water. We are beginning to expand our objectives beyond protection of local water quality to regional and even global environmental protection. An important part of this shift is the recognition that wastewater is a valuable resource of energy, nutrients, and water. The Smith Research Group evaluates environmental biotechnologies to improve our water infrastructure by recovering these resources from waste streams. Our research encompasses process engineering, microbial ecology, and sustainability assessment to design and develop new and emerging processes for water and wastewater treatment.